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Among other things she used the pie chart, which had first been developed by William Playfair in 1801.įlorence Nightingale is credited with developing a form of the pie chart now known as the polar area diagram, or occasionally the Nightingale rose diagram, equivalent to a modern circular histogram to illustrate seasonal sources of patient mortality in the military field hospital she managed. Later, Nightingale became a pioneer in the visual presentation of information and statistical graphics. The entire areas may be compared by following the blue, the red, & the black lines enclosing them.įlorence Nightingale had exhibited a gift for mathematics from an early age and excelled in the subject under the tutorship of her father. In October 1854, & April 1855, the black area coincides with the red, in January & February 1855,(*) the blue coincides with the black. 1854 marks the boundary of the deaths from all other causes during the month. The black line across the red triangle in Nov. The blue wedges measured from the centre of the circle represent area for area the deaths from Preventable or Mitigable Zymotic diseases, the red wedges measured from the centre the deaths from wounds, & the black wedges measured from the centre the deaths from all other causes. The Areas of the blue, red, & black wedges are each measured from the centre as the common vertex. This graphic indicates the number of deaths that occured from preventable diseases (in blue), those that were the results of wounds (in red), and those due to other causes (in black). This "Diagram of the causes of mortality in the army in the East" was published in Notes on Matters Affecting the Health, Efficiency, and Hospital Administration of the British Army and sent to Queen Victoria in 1858. PDM Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.Yes, from that Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), and it's from 1858! The polar area diagram is also known as the Nightingale Rose Graph.
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#Rose diagram florence nightingale plus
This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. Licensing Public domain Public domain false false The entire areas may be compared by following the blue, the red, & the black lines enclosing them. In October 1854, & April 1855, the black area coincides with the red, in January & February 1856, the blue coincides with the black.
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Example of polar area diagram by w:Florence Nightingale (1820–1910).